Upgrading to SAP S/4HANA presents a unique opportunity to address long-standing segregation of duties (SoD) and compliance challenges—but timing matters. This session explores how a global organization evaluated whether to redesign roles in ECC prior to migration or modernize during the SAP S/4HANA transition. Attendees will hear practical considerations, tradeoffs, and lessons learned from each approach, and how those decisions impacted security, controls, and project outcomes. The discussion offers guidance for organizations balancing speed, risk, and compliance during SAP S/4HANA programs.